Donnerstag, 14. September 2023
Urteil des Gerichtshofs in der Rechtssache C‑27/22 Volkswagen Group Italia und Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft
Geldbußen gegen VW in Italien und in Deutschland – Verbot der Doppelbestrafung?
Volkswagen und die Volkswagen Group Italia beanstanden vor den italienischen Gerichten einen Bescheid der italienischen Wettbewerbs- und Marktaufsichtsbehörde vom 4. August 2016, mit dem ihnen eine Geldbuße in Höhe von 5 Mio. Euro wegen Verstoßes gegen das italienische Verbrauchergesetzbuch auferlegt wurde. Zum einen habe VW in Italien Fahrzeuge in Verkehr gebracht, die mit Systemen ausgestattet waren, die dazu bestimmt waren, die Messung der Schadstoffemissionen für die Zwecke der Typgenehmigung zu verändern. Zum anderen habe VW Werbung verbreitet, in der trotz der Veränderung der Emissionswerte die Übereinstimmung dieser Fahrzeuge mit den umweltrechtlichen Vorschriften betont wurde.
VW beruft sich im italienischen Gerichtsverfahren unter Hinweis auf einen im Juni 2018 rechtskräftig gewordenen Bußgeldbescheid der Staatsanwaltschaft Braunschweig über 1 Mrd. Euro auf das Verbot der Doppelbestrafung. Diese Sanktion bezog sich u. a. auf das weltweite Inverkehrbringen (auch auf dem italienischen Markt) von Fahrzeugen, die mit Systemen ausgestattet waren, die die Messung der Schadstoffemissionen für die Zwecke der Typgenehmigung verändern sollten, und auf die Verbreitung von Werbung, in der trotz der Veränderung der Emissionswerte hervorgehoben wurde, dass diese Fahrzeuge besonders umweltfreundlich seien.
Das erstinstanzliche Gericht war der Ansicht, dass die Geldbußen auf unterschiedlichen Rechtsgrundlagen beruhen, und wies die Klage von VW ab.
Der von VW im Wege des Rechtsmittels angerufene italienische Staatsrat ersucht den Gerichtshof vor diesem Hintergrund um Präzisierung des unionrechtlichen Verbots der Doppelbestrafung.
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