Tuesday 10th September 2024
Judgment in Case C-465/20 P Commission v Ireland and Others
(Competition – State aid)
Tax rulings make it possible for undertakings to apply to the tax authority for an advance decision concerning the tax treatment to which they will be subject.
In 1991 and 2007, Ireland issued two tax rulings in relation to two companies of the Apple Group (Apple Sales International – ASI and Apple Operations Europe – AOE), incorporated under Irish law but not tax resident in Ireland. The rulings approved the method by which ASI and AOE proposed to determine their chargeable profits in Ireland deriving from the activity of their Irish branches.
In 2016, the European Commission declared incompatible with the internal market the aid that Ireland had allegedly granted to the Apple group through two advance tax rulings, known as ‘tax rulings’, issued in 1991 and 2007 by its tax authorities in favour of ASI and AOE. It ordered Ireland to recover that aid (Commission Decision (EU) 2017/1283).
The tax rulings concerned the determination of the taxable profits of ASI and AOE in Ireland, in accordance with the proposals made in this respect by representatives of the Apple group. According to the Commission’s estimates, Ireland granted €13 billion in illegal tax advantages to Apple.
In 2020, the General Court annulled the Commission’s decision, finding that the Commission had not shown that there was an advantage deriving from the adoption of the tax rulings (see judgment T-778/16, Ireland v Commission and T-892/16, Apple Sales International and Apple Operations Europe v Commission; see also press release No 90/20).
The Commission lodged an appeal with the Court of Justice, asking it to set aside the judgment of the General Court.
Background Documents C-465/20 P
Dienstag, 10. September 2024
Urteil des Gerichtshofs (Große Kammer) in der Rechtsmittelsache C-465/20 P Kommission / Irland u.a.
Staatliche Beihilfen – Steuervorbescheide (tax rulings) – Apple
Mit Beschluss vom 30. August 2016 stellte die Kommission fest, dass Irland dem Unternehmen Apple unrechtmäßige Steuervergünstigungen von bis zu 13 Mrd. Euro gewährt habe, da Apple wesentlich weniger Steuern habe zahlen müssen als andere Unternehmen. Irland müsse die rechtswidrige Beihilfe zurückfordern (siehe auch Pressemitteilung der Kommission IP/16/2923).
Irland und Apple haben diesen Beschluss vor dem Gericht der EU angefochten, mit Erfolg: Mit Urteil vom 15. Juli 2020 erklärte das Gericht den Beschluss für nichtig. Die Kommission habe nicht hinreichend dargetan, dass Apple ein Vorteil gewährt worden sei (siehe Press release Nr. 90/20).
Die Kommission hat gegen das Urteil des Gerichts ein Rechtsmittel beim Gerichtshof eingelegt.
Generalanwalt Pitruzzella hat in seinen Schlussanträgen vom 9. November 2023 dem Gerichtshof vorgeschlagen, das Urteil des Gerichts aufzuheben und den Fall an das Gericht zur erneuten Entscheidung zurückzuverweisen (siehe Pressemitteilung Nr. 171/23).
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