Thursday 19th September 2024
Judgment in Joined Cases C-555/22 P United Kingdom v Commission and Others, C-556/22 P ITV v Commission and Others and C-564/22 P LSEGH (Luxembourg) and London Stock Exchange Group Holdings (Italy) v Commission and Others
(Competition – State aid)
In 2019, the European Commission found that, between 2013 and 2018, the United Kingdom had granted unlawful state aid to certain multinational groups by conferring tax advantages on them.
It considered that the reference framework, which is relevant for examining the existence of a selective advantage, is limited solely to the rules applicable to controlled foreign companies (CFCs) and that the exemptions granted constituted a derogation from that framework.
The United Kingdom and ITV challenged the Commission’s decision (Commission Decision (EU) 2019/1352) before the General Court of the European Union.
In 2022, the General Court rejected their appeals, upholding the Commission’s arguments (judgment of the General Court of 8 June 2022, Joined cases United Kingdom and ITV v CommissionT‑363/19 and T-456/19).
By their respective appeals, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (C‑555/22 P), ITV plc (C‑556/22 P) and LSEGH (Luxembourg) Ltd and London Stock Exchange Group Holdings (Italy) Ltd (together ‘LSEGH’) (C‑564/22 P) seek to have the General Court’s judgment set aside.
Background Documents C-555/22 P, C-556/22 P and C-564/22 P
Donnerstag, 19. September 2024
Britische Steuervergünstigungen für bestimmte multinationale Konzerne
Mit Beschluss vom 2. April 2019 entschied die Europäische Kommission, dass das Vereinigte Königreich bestimmten multinationalen Konzernen von 2013 bis 2018 rechtswidrige staatliche Beihilfen in Form von Steuervorteilen gewährt habe. Es habe diese Konzerne zu Unrecht von einer Steuerregelung zur Bekämpfung von Steuervermeidung befreit.
Nach Ansicht der Kommission sollen die Vorschriften für beherrschte ausländische Unternehmen (CFC) verhindern, dass Unternehmen aus dem Vereinigten Königreich über Tochtergesellschaften in einem anderen Land, in dem sie nur gering oder gar nicht besteuert würden, die Zahlung von Steuern im Vereinigten Königreich vermeiden. Die Vorschriften versetzten die Steuerbehörden des Vereinigten Königreichs in die Lage, alle Gewinne, die künstlich auf eine Offshore-Tochtergesellschaft umgeleitet würden, wieder der britischen Muttergesellschaft zuzurechnen und entsprechend zu besteuern. Von 2013 bis 2018 enthielten die CFC-Vorschriften jedoch eine Befreiung für bestimmte Finanzierungserträge (Zinszahlungen aus Darlehen) der im Vereinigten Königreich tätigen multinationalen Konzerne.
Die Kommission sah einen Teil dieser Steuerbefreiung für konzerninterne Finanzierungen als einen rechtswidrigen Steuervorteil an und gab dem Vereinigten Königreich auf, ihn von den Begünstigten zurückzufordern.
Das Vereinigte Königreich und das Unternehmen ITV fochten den Beschluss der Kommission vor dem Gericht der EU an, jedoch ohne Erfolg: Mit Urteil vom 8. Juni 2022 wies das Gericht die Klagen ab.
Das Vereinigte Königreich, ITV und zwei Gesellschaften der London Stock Exchange Group legten daraufhin Rechtsmittel beim Gerichtshof ein.
Generalanwältin Medina hat in ihren Schlussanträgen vom 11. April 2024 dem Gerichtshof vorgeschlagen, das Urteil des Gerichts aufzuheben und den Beschluss der Kommission für nichtig zu erklären. Sowohl die Kommission als auch das Gericht hätten rechtsfehlerhaft festgestellt, dass die Vorschriften für beherrschte ausländische Unternehmen (CFC) und nicht das allgemeine Körperschaftsteuersystem des Vereinigten Königreichs als Ganzes den richtigen Bezugsrahmen für die Prüfung bildeten, ob ein selektiver Vorteil gewährt worden sei (siehe Pressemitteilung Nr. 64/24).
Weitere Informationen C-555/22
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