Monday, 29 July 2024
Protection of wolves in Spain: EU Judgment in Case C-436/22 ASCEL
(Environment)
The Habitats Directive was adopted to achieve an essential objective of general interest pursued by the European Union: preserving, protecting and improving the quality of the environment by helping to ensure biodiversity through the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora.
In Spain, in accordance with the directive, the Iberian wolf populations are subject to separate protection regimes: those located south of the Duero river benefit from strict protection, whilst those located north of this river are classified as an animal species of EU interest likely to be the subject of management measures.
Under a regional law, the wolf was designated as a huntable species in north of the River Duero in Castilla y León (Spain). In 2019, the government of this autonomous community approved a plan for the local exploitation of the wolf in said areas for the 2019/2020, 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 seasons. This plan allowed a total of 339 wolves to be hunted. The Association for the Conservation and Study of the Iberian Wolf (ASCEL) appealed against this plan to the Superior Court of Justice of Castilla y León.
The Spanish court has doubts as to whether the regional law is compatible with the directive and has referred the matter to the Court of Justice.
In 2019, Spain sent a report to the Commission for the period between 2013-2018, according to which the wolf was in an “unfavourable inadequate” conservation status in the three regions it occupied in Spain (Mediterranean, Atlantic and Alpine), the first two including Castilla y León.
Montag, 29. Juli 2024
Urteil des Gerichtshofs in der Rechtssache C‑436/22 ASCEL
Schutz von Wölfen in Spanien
Nach der Habitatrichtlinie ist der Wolf in Spanien südlich des Flusses Duero streng geschützt, d.h. die Jagd auf ihn ist grundsätzlich untersagt. Nördlich des Duero gilt für ihn hingegen nur der abgeschwächte Schutz, d.h. die Jagd ist prinzipiell zulässig, ist aber einzuschränken, wenn das für die Erhaltung eines günstigen Erhaltungszustands notwendig ist. Die Autonome Gemeinschaft Kastilien und León, durch die der Duero fließt, erlaubt daher im Norden die Jagd auf den Wolf.
Das Obergericht Kastilien und León hat darüber zu entscheiden, ob diese regionale Jagdregelung zulässig ist. Da der Erhaltungszustand des Wolfs in Spanien ungünstig sei, zweifelt es daran, ob es hinnehmbar ist, dass der strenge Schutz nördlich des Duero nicht gilt. Falls die räumliche Abgrenzung der beiden Schutzregelungen durch die Richtlinie jedoch Bestand habe, solle der Gerichtshof klären, ob die Jagd dennoch aufgrund des ungünstigen Erhaltungszustands untersagt werden muss.
Generalanwältin Kokott hat in ihren Schlussanträgen vom 25. Januar 2024 u.a. die Ansicht vertreten, dass das in der Habitatrichtlinie vorgesehene unterschiedliche Schutzniveau für Wölfe entlang des Duero gültig ist.
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