Thursday 5th September 2024
Judgment in Case C-603/22 M.S. and Others (Procedural rights of a minor)
(Area of Freedom, Security and Justice – Judicial cooperation in criminal matters – Fundamental Rights)
During the criminal trial before a Polish court against three minors prosecuted for breaking into the buildings of a disused holiday centre, it was revealed that the suspects had been questioned by the police in the absence of a lawyer.
Neither they nor their parents were informed of their rights or of the procedure before the first interrogation. The lawyers appointed by the judge are now requesting that these suspects’ previous statements be removed from the file as evidence.
Questioning the effectiveness of the procedural guarantees for minors during the pre- trial phase of criminal proceedings, the Polish court addressed the Court of Justice. It wondered, in particular, whether the national rules comply with the European Union law (Directive (EU) 2016/800 on procedural safeguards for children who are suspects or accused persons in criminal proceedings) and what consequences it should draw from any incompatibility.
Donnerstag, 5. September 2024
Urteil des Gerichtshofs in der Rechtssache C‑603/22 M.S. u. a. (Verfahrensrechte von Minderjährigen)
Verfahrensgarantien für Kinder, die Verdächtige oder Beschuldigte in Strafverfahren sind
Die polnische Staatsanwaltschaft hat drei 17-Jährige wegen Hausfriedensbruchs angeklagt. Ihre polizeiliche Vernehmung, während der sie sich selbst belasteten, war ohne Anwesenheit eines Rechtsbeistands und bei einem der Angeklagten auch ohne Anwesenheit der Eltern erfolgt. Die vom Strafgericht bestellten Pflichtverteidiger widersprachen der Verwertung der im Ermittlungsverfahren gemachten Aussagen. Während des Gerichtsverfahrens wurde einer der Angeklagten volljährig.
Das polnische Strafgericht ersucht den Gerichtshof in diesem Zusammenhang um Präzisierung der Rechte von Kindern, die Verdächtige oder Beschuldigte in Strafverfahren sind.
Generalanwältin Ćapeta hat in ihren Schlussanträgen vom 22. Februar 2024 u.a. die Ansicht vertreten, dass Kinder ab dem Zeitpunkt der vorgerichtlichen Vernehmung ein unmittelbar wirksames Recht auf Unterstützung durch einen Rechtsbeistand hätten. Davon könne nur ausnahmsweise abgewichen werden. Werde ein Kind im Verlauf des Strafverfahrens volljährig, müsse geprüft werden, ob es weiterhin als Kind zu behandeln ist.
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