Thursday 19th December 2024
Judgment in Case C-531/23 Loredas
(Free movement of capital – Freedom of movement for workers – Social policy)
This reference for a preliminary ruling was made in a dispute between HJ, a domestic worker, and her employer, a family consisting of two natural persons, US and MU, concerning a claim for unfair dismissal and a claim for compensation.
On March 31, 2021, HJ filed a claim for unfair dismissal against US and MU, as well as a claim for compensation for unpaid wages, alleging that she had worked longer hours than those specified in her employment contract. However, the Spanish court of first instance considered that this circumstance had not been proven by the claimant and she was awarded less compensation than that claimed by HJ.
As the defendant had not appeared before the court, it had not provided the court with any records of the time actually worked by HJ. The court stated that the absence of these records could not mean that HJ’s allegations regarding the performance of days longer than those indicated in his employment contract were accepted absolutely.
HJ brought an action against that decision before the referring court, which entertained doubts as to the compatibility of the national rules relating to the special regime for domestic employees with Union law, in so far as the exception to the general obligation to record working time may imply, for domestic employees, treatment contrary to the provisions of Directive 2003/88/EC.
In addition, the fact that the group of domestic employees in Spain is heavily feminised could also imply indirect discrimination on grounds of sex, contrary to the Charter and Directive 2006/54/EC.
In order to determine whether HJ should be awarded higher compensation, corresponding to the working time and salary alleged by it, and having doubts as to the compatibility with Union law of the provision establishing that registration of the working time of domestic employees is not compulsory, the referring court decided to refer the question to the Court.
Donnerstag, 19. Dezember 2024
Urteil des Gerichtshofs in der Rechtssache C‑531/23 Loredas
Arbeitszeiterfassung bei Hausangestellten
Eine spanische Arbeitnehmerin, die als Hausangestellte beschäftigt war, klagt vor den spanischen Gerichten gegen ihre Kündigung und auf Zahlung von noch ausstehendem Lohn. In erster Instanz wurde ihre Zahlungsklage mangels Beweisen abgewiesen, denn sie konnte keine Protokolle über die Erfassung der tatsächlich erbrachten Arbeitszeit vorlegen. Nach spanischem Recht gilt die Verpflichtung des Arbeitgebers zur Arbeitszeiterfassung nicht für die Beschäftigung von Hausangestellten.
Das von der Betroffenen angerufene Rechtsmittelgericht hat Zweifel, ob diese Regelung mit dem Unionsrecht vereinbar ist. Zum einen komme ein Verstoß gegen die Richtlinie 2003/88 über die Arbeitszeitgestaltung in Betracht. Zum anderen könnte eine indirekte Diskriminierung aufgrund des Geschlechts vorliegen, da 95 % der Hausangestellten weiblich seien. Es hat den Gerichtshof um Vorabentscheidung hierzu ersucht. Ohne Schlussanträge.
Zur Erinnerung: Mit Urteil vom 14. Mai 2019, CCOO, hat der Gerichtshof entschieden, dass die Mitgliedstaaten die Arbeitgeber verpflichten müssen, ein System einzurichten, mit dem die tägliche Arbeitszeit gemessen werden kann (siehe Pressemitteilung Nr. 61/19).
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