7th November 2024
Judgment in Case C-126/23 Burdene
(Area of Freedom, Security and Justice –Judicial cooperation in criminal matters – Fundamental rights)
This reference for a preliminary ruling, brought by the Ordinary Court of Venice, Italy concerns the interpretation of the Compensation Directive, Articles 20 and 21, Articles 33(1) and 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, as well as Article 1 of Protocol No 12 to the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.
The reference for a preliminary ruling was made in the context of a dispute between the family of TS, the victim of a violent intentional crime. TS was murdered on May 18 2017 by her ex-boyfriend KU, who was subsequently sentenced to 30 years’ imprisonment for the crime.
The request has been made in proceedings brought by the parents, sister and children of a murder victim against the Presidency of the Council of Ministers, Italy and the Ministry of the Interior, Italy. The proceedings concern the inadequate or non-existent amounts granted to them by the Italian State as compensation for the harm suffered on the grounds that the person convicted of the murder was insolvent.
TS’s family, having ascertained that the Italian State, in enacting national legislation, had introduced limitations on the payment of compensation, requested that the sums due to them by way of compensation be determined on the basis of their degree of
kinship with TS, quantifying the latter to a ‘fair and appropriate’ extent pursuant to Article 12 of Directive 2004/80.
According to TS’s family, the limitation established by the national legislation, which provides for the recognition of compensation to the victim’s parents only in the absence of a spouse and children, and to brothers and sisters only in the absence of persons belonging to the aforementioned categories, is manifestly unlawful.
Donnerstag, 7. November 2024
Urteil des Gerichtshofs in der Rechtssache C‑126/23 Burdene
Entschädigung der Opfer vorsätzlicher Gewalttaten
Opfer von Straftaten können oft keine Entschädigung vom Täter erhalten, weil dieser möglicherweise nicht über die erforderlichen Mittel verfügt, um einem Schadensersatzurteil nachzukommen, oder weil er nicht identifiziert oder verfolgt werden kann. Die Richtlinie 2004/80 verpflichtet die Mitgliedstaaten daher, eine angemessene Entschädigung der Opfer von in ihrem jeweiligen Hoheitsgebiet vorsätzlich begangenen Gewalttaten vorzusehen.
Die Eltern, die Schwester und die Kinder einer Frau, die von einem mittellosen Täter getötet wurde, beanstanden vor einem italienischen Gericht, dass sie vom italienischen Staat keine (Eltern und Schwester) bzw. eine zu niedrige (Kinder) Entschädigung erhalten haben. Nach italienischem Recht hängt ein etwaiger Entschädigungsanspruch der Eltern des verstorbenen Opfers davon ab, dass es weder Kinder noch einen hinterbliebenen Ehepartner gibt, während der Anspruch der Geschwister davon abhängt, dass es keine Eltern mehr gibt. Das italienische Gericht hat dem Gerichtshof eine Reihe von Fragen hierzu vorgelegt.
Generalanwalt Richard de la Tour hat in seinen Schlussanträgen vom 8. Mai 2024 die Ansicht vertreten, dass eine nationale Regelung, die die Zahlung von Entschädigungen an bestimmte Familienangehörige aufgrund einer vom Erbrecht abgeleiteten Rangfolge automatisch ausschließt, nicht mit der Richtlinie vereinbar sei.
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