Thursday, 11th July 2024
Judgment in Joined Cases C-554/21 HANN-INVEST, C-622/21 MINERAL-SEKULINE and C-727/21 UDRUGA KHL MEDVEŠČAK ZAGREB
(Principles of Community law – Charter of Fundamental Rights)
The Commercial Court of Appeal, Croatia asks the Court of Justice for guidance on the interpretation of Article 19 of the TEU and Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights in relation to three appeals concerning the recovery of costs for the conduct of bankruptcy proceedings.
Appeals against orders in three different insolvency proceedings were finally and unanimously dismissed by three-judge panels. The decisions were forwarded to the registry in accordance with the established rules.
However, the judge in this department refused to register the three decisions, and referred them back to the respective panels, stating that he did not agree with the solutions adopted in these decisions. He referred in particular to compliance with a “legal position” on how to decide cases of this type, which, according to internal procedural practice, had previously been adopted by a sectional meeting of the court.
“Legal positions” interpret the law in light of specific cases, and are binding on all chambers or judges of the court.
In these circumstances, the referring court seeks to ascertain whether such an internal mechanism for finalising judicial decisions is compatible with the fundamental principle of effective judicial protection.
Donnerstag, 11. Juli 2024
Urteil des Gerichtshofs (Große Kammer) in den verbundenen Rechtssachen C‑554/21 HANN-INVEST, C‑622/21 MINERAL-SEKULINE und C‑727/21 UDRUGA KHL MEDVEŠČAK ZAGREB
Unabhängigkeit der Justiz – Gewährleistung der Kohärenz der Rechtsprechung
In Kroatien besteht eine Regelung und Praxis, die die Kohärenz der Rechtsprechung von Gerichten zweiter Instanz intern gewährleisten soll.
So gilt eine gerichtliche Entscheidung, die von einem Spruchkörper angenommen wurde, erst dann als erledigt und kann den Parteien zugestellt werden, wenn sie von einem Richter der Evidenzstelle bestätigt wurde. Der Evidenzrichter fungiert als eine Art Frühwarnsystem, indem er die Rechtsprechung des Gerichts auswertet und so zu ihrer Einheitlichkeit beiträgt. Er kann daher die Akte an den Spruchkörper zur erneuten Prüfung zurückverweisen.
Bei anhaltenden Meinungsverschiedenheiten kann er den Gerichtspräsidenten oder den zuständigen Abteilungsvorsitzenden auf die streitige Rechtsfrage hinweisen. Diese wiederum können die zuständige Abteilung mit der Rechtsfrage befassen. Die sodann von der Abteilung angenommene Rechtsauffassung ist für alle Kammern und Richter der Abteilung verbindlich. Der ursprünglich befasste Spruchkörper muss die Sache gegebenenfalls unter Berücksichtigung dieser Rechtssauffassung neu entscheiden.
Das Hohe Handelsgericht Kroatiens hat Zweifel, ob diese Regelung und Praxis mit dem Unionsrecht und insbesondere dem Grundsatz der richterlichen Unabhängigkeit vereinbar ist.
Generalanwalt Pikamäe hat in seinen Schlussanträgen vom 26. Oktober 2023 die Fragen des Hohen Handelsgerichts für unzulässig gehalten. Sie beträfen keine Auslegung des Unionsrechts, die für die Entscheidung der Ausgangsverfahren objektiv erforderlich sei. Sollte der Gerichtshof die Fragen jedoch für zulässig halten, so spricht sich der Generalwalt für die Vereinbarkeit der in Rede stehenden Regelung und Praxis mit dem Unionsrecht aus.
Weitere Informationen C-554/21
Weitere Informationen C-622/21
Weitere Informationen C-727/21
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