Donnerstag, 4. Juli 2024
Urteil des Gerichtshofs in der Rechtssache C-425/22 MOL
LKW-Kartell: Schadensersatzklage am Sitz der Muttergesellschaft der Käufer?
Die in Ungarn ansässige MOL hat in verschiedenen EU-Mitgliedstaaten Tochtergesellschaften. Diese kauften von der deutschen Mercedes-Benz Group AG Lastkraftwagen zu Preisen, die kartellbedingt überhöht gewesen sein sollen. Die Europäische Kommission hatte 2016 festgestellt, dass verschiedene Unternehmen, darunter die Mercedes-Benz, die Höhe der Bruttolistenpreise für mittelschwere und schwere Lastkraftwagen miteinander abgestimmt und dadurch gegen das Kartellverbot verstoßen hätten. Mol hat Mercedes Benz vor den ungarischen Gerichten auf Schadensersatz verklagt. Sie macht geltend, dass der Schaden letztlich am Ort ihres Sitzes eingetreten sei, da sie und die betroffenen Tochtergesellschaften zu derselben wirtschaftlichen Einheit gehörten.
Das ungarische Oberste Gericht möchte wissen, ob die Zuständigkeit der ungarischen Gerichte dadurch begründet werden kann, dass sich der Sitz von Mol in Ungarn befindet. Dazu hat es den Gerichtshof ersucht, die sog. Brüssel Ia‑Verordnung (Nr. 1215/2012) über die gerichtliche Zuständigkeit auszulegen. Danach kann eine Person in einem anderen Mitgliedstaat als ihrem (Wohn-)Sitzstaat verklagt werden, „wenn eine unerlaubte Handlung … oder wenn Ansprüche aus einer solchen Handlung den Gegenstand des Verfahrens bilden, [und zwar] vor dem Gericht des Ortes, an dem das schädigende Ereignis eingetreten ist …“.
Generalanwalt Emiliou hat in seinen Schlussanträgen vom 8. Februar 2024 die Ansicht vertreten, dass die Wendung „Ort, an dem das schädigende Ereignis eingetreten ist“, nicht den Sitz der Muttergesellschaft umfasst, wenn sie eine Klage auf Ersatz von Schäden erhebt, die ausschließlich ihren Tochtergesellschaften durch das wettbewerbswidrige Verhalten eines Dritten entstanden sind, wobei geltend gemacht wird, dass die Muttergesellschaft und ihre Tochtergesellschaften Teil derselben wirtschaftlichen Einheit seien.
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